{"id":350,"date":"2019-03-06T00:45:09","date_gmt":"2019-03-05T21:45:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ematematik.top\/?p=350"},"modified":"2021-03-16T16:10:43","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T13:10:43","slug":"onerme-nedir-bir-onermenin-olumsuzu-degili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ematematik.top\/onerme-nedir-bir-onermenin-olumsuzu-degili-350.html","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6nerme Nedir, Bir \u00d6nermenin Olumsuzu (De\u011fili)"},"content":{"rendered":"
Do\u011fru yada yanl\u0131\u015f olarak kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm bildiren ifadelere \u00f6nerme<\/strong> denir. \u00d6nermeler genellikle p, q, r, s, t gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harflerle g\u00f6sterilir. Bir \u00f6nermenin do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na o \u00f6nermenin do\u011fruluk de\u011feri<\/strong> denir. Bir \u00f6nerme do\u011fruysa do\u011fruluk de\u011feri “1” ile yanl\u0131\u015f ise do\u011fruluk de\u011feri “0” ile g\u00f6sterilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin p \u00f6nermesi do\u011fruysa p \u2261 1, yanl\u0131\u015fsa p \u2261 0 \u015feklinde g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n \u00d6rnek:<\/strong><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin hangilerinin \u00f6nerme oldu\u011funu bulal\u0131m.<\/strong> \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/strong><\/span><\/span>:\u00a0a) “T\u00fcrkiye’de y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc en b\u00fcy\u00fck olan \u015fehir \u0130stanbul’dur.” ifadesi kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nermedir. \u00d6rnek:<\/strong><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6nermelerin do\u011fruluk de\u011ferini bulal\u0131m.<\/strong> \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>a) p: \u00f6nermesinin do\u011fruluk de\u011feri 1 dir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7genin i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri toplam\u0131 1800<\/sup>\u00a0dir. Do\u011fruluk de\u011feri ayn\u0131 olan \u00f6nermelere denk \u00f6nermeler denir. p ve q \u00f6nermeleri denk ise bu durum p \u2261 q bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir ve “p denktir q” diye okunur. p \u00f6nermesi q \u00f6nermesine denk de\u011filse<\/p>\n
\na)<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye’de y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc en b\u00fcy\u00fck olan \u015fehir \u0130stanbul’dur.
\nb)<\/strong> 7 + 8 = 15
\nc)<\/strong> 12 – 3 < 8
\n\u00e7)<\/strong> Bana yard\u0131m edecek misin?
\nd)<\/strong> Bug\u00fcn al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fe gidelim.
\ne)<\/strong> Bug\u00fcn hava \u00e7ok s\u0131cak.
\nf)<\/strong> Dersine iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f.
\ng)<\/strong> Ke\u015fke, biraz daha erken gelseydim.
\nh)<\/strong> \u0130ki tek say\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 \u00e7ift say\u0131d\u0131r.
\ni)<\/strong> x + 5 = 11<\/p>\n
\nb) “7 + 8 = 15” kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nermedir.
\nc) “12 – 3 < 8” kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nermedir.
\n\u00e7) “Bana yard\u0131m edecek misin?” ifadesi bir soru ifadesidir. Do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerme de\u011fildir.
\nd) “Bug\u00fcn al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fe gidelim.” ifadesi istek bildirir. Do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerme de\u011fildir.
\ne) “Bug\u00fcn hava \u00e7ok s\u0131cak.” ifadesi bir durum bildirir ve g\u00f6recelidir. Do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerme de\u011fildir.
\nf) “Dersine iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f.” ifadesi emir bildirir. Do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerme de\u011fildir.
\ng) “Ke\u015fke, biraz daha erken gelseydim.” ifadesi pi\u015fmanl\u0131k bildirir. Do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerme de\u011fildir.
\nh) “\u0130ki tek say\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 \u00e7ift say\u0131d\u0131r.” ifadesi kesin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nermedir.
\ni) “x + 5 = 11” ifadesi kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nermedir. (Bu \u00f6nerme a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6nerme olup niceleyiciler konusunda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.)<\/p>\n
\na) p: “\u00dc\u00e7genin i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri toplam\u0131 1800<\/sup>\u00a0dir.”
\nb) q: “B\u00fct\u00fcn asal say\u0131lar tek say\u0131d\u0131r.”
\nc) r: “\u221a5 bir rasyonel say\u0131d\u0131r.”
\n\u00e7) t: “|-6 + 2| < |-6| + |2|<\/p>\n
\nb) q \u00f6nermesinin do\u011fruluk de\u011feri 0 d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc “b\u00fct\u00fcn asal say\u0131lar tek say\u0131d\u0131r” ifadesi yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6nermedir.
\nc) r \u00f6nermesinin do\u011fruluk de\u011feri 0 d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u221a5 say\u0131s\u0131 rasyonel de\u011fil, irrasyonel say\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u00e7) t \u00f6nermesinin do\u011fruluk de\u011feri 1 dir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc |-6 + 2| < |-6| + |2|
\nyani 4 < 6 + 2 dir.<\/p>\n\u0130ki \u00d6nermenin Denkli\u011fi<\/span><\/h3>\n